The word Sherlock is the name of an English fictional caracter created by the Scottish author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. This fictional caracter known by the name "Sherlock Holmes" solves all mysterious cases by his careful, perceptive and thorough personality. Holmes is regarded as the most famous fictional detective, and indeed one of the best known and most universally recognizable literary characters. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle wrote four novels and fifty-six short-stories featuring Sherlock Holmes and his business companion/only friend. Almost all stories and novels were narrated by Holmes' friend and biographer Dr. John H. Watson.

After the creation of Sherlock Holmes novels the name Sherlock gained the definition "a person who investigates mysteries or shows great perceptiveness". 

Sherlock Holmes Aphorisms

“It is a capital mistake to theorize in advance of the facts. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts.”

“It has long been an axiom of mine that the little things are infinitely the most important.”

"The world is full of obvious things which nobody by any chance ever observes.” 

"I have seen too much not to know that the impression of a woman may be more valuable than the conclusion of an analytical reasoner."

"When you have excluded the impossible whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."

"The observer who has thoroughly understood one link in a series of incidents should be able to accurately state all the other ones, both before and after."

“We balance probabilities and choose the most likely. It is the scientific use of imagination.” 

"Education never ends, Watson. It is a series of lessons with the greatest for the last.”